8/12/2023 0 Comments Era of celestials wiki![]() ![]() 546 BCE) described a cyclical Earth suspended in the center of the cosmos surrounded by rings of fire, and that Philolaus (c. In the Iliad and the Odyssey, Homer refers to the following celestial objects:Īlthough there is no material evidence of much of the work done by Greek philosophers between 600-300 BCE, it is believed that Anaximander (c. In the oldest European texts, the Iliad and the Odyssey, Homer has noted several astronomical phenomena including solar eclipses. References to identifiable stars and constellations appear in the writings of Homer and Hesiod, the earliest surviving examples of Greek literature. In this context it is reasonable to suggest that whatever Homer and Hesiod hinted at in their small contributions comes from the knowledge they acquired from the Oriental people they rubbed shoulder with in Lefkandi, the center of Greek culture at that time. The Odyssey of Homer is inspired by the Epopee of Gilgamesh. Hesiod's theogony and cosmogony are the Greek version of two Phoenician myths. The Babylonians and Arameans came from the Levant and North Syria where they were forcibly transported in their hundreds of thousands by the Assyrian army from Babylonia during the reign of the last six Assyrian kings, from 745 BCE to 627 BCE. 630 BCE for maritime commerce and to live and work. This is the sole route by which many ancient Greek astronomical works survived and in turn went on to influence later Indian and Western European astronomy.īoth Hesiod and Homer were directly and deeply influenced by the mythologies of Phoenicia and Mesopotamia, thanks to Phoenician sailors and literate Babylonians and Arameans, who went to Lefkandi in Greece during the Orientalizing Period, between c. In later periods, ancient Greek astronomical works were translated and promulgated in other languages, most notably in Arabic by the astronomers and mathematicians within the various Arab-Muslim empires of the Middle Ages. Most of the names of the stars, planets, and constellations of the northern hemisphere are inherited from the terminology of Greek astronomy, which are however indeed transliterated from the empirical knowledge in Babylonian astronomy, characterized by its theoretical model formulation in terms of algebraic and numerical relations, and to a lesser extent from Egyptian astronomy. Greek astronomy is characterized by seeking a geometrical model for celestial phenomena. The development of astronomy by the Greek and notably Hellenistic astronomers is considered to be a major phase in the history of astronomy. During the Hellenistic and Roman periods, much of the Greek and non-Greek astronomers working in the Greek tradition studied at the Museum and the Library of Alexandria in Ptolemaic Egypt. This phase of Greek astronomy is also known as Hellenistic astronomy, while the pre-Hellenistic phase is known as Classical Greek astronomy. It is not limited geographically to Greece or to ethnic Greeks, as the Greek language had become the language of scholarship throughout the Hellenistic world following the conquests of Alexander. ![]() Greek astronomy is understood to include the Ancient Greek, Hellenistic, Greco-Roman, and Late Antiquity eras. The Antikythera Mechanism was an analog computer from 150–100 BCE designed to calculate the positions of astronomical objects.Īncient Greek astronomy is the astronomy written in the Greek language during classical antiquity. ![]()
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